Post by Odin of Ossetia on Nov 14, 2007 19:58:09 GMT -5
Professor Shin Yong-Ha [1] of Korea states that the origin of Proto-Bulgarians come from the Buyeo state, an ancient [Korean] kingdom that succeeded Gojoseon, who were dominant group at least from 5[th century] B.C. through 4[th century] A.D. in (what is now) the Manchurian region [2]. They were sometimes known as the Bul (for shorter version) or as the Buru (the longer). Bu-yeo tribe had migrated to the Caspian region in the late 4[th century] A.D., and beginning in the 5-7 [centuries] A.D. where in the west, the tribe was known as the Bulghar tribe, meaning the tribe of the Bul authority. [3] In 635, Kubrat, the head of the Bulghar tribe, declared independence from Avar influence and established the Magna Bulgaria. Kubrat's second son, Kotrag, moved to the north after Kubrat's death, at the conflux regions of Volga and Kama rivers, and established Kotchou-Bulghar to continue the Bul origin. Kubrat's third son, Asparukh, reached the Balkan [=Black] Sea in 679. Before the great battle that led to the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire, a [East] Roman general recorded that Asparukh performed a victory wish ritual to Tangun, or Tangur. Shin Yong-Ha emphasizes that many active records show Bulgaria's relationship to Bu-yeo tribe, and that the ruling elites of the Proto-Bulgarians came from the northern part of Korea. The Bu-yeo tribe had a tendency to name their capital So-bi (originated from Sa-bi), which later became Sophia, just as the tribe always included "Bul" in naming the countries of their settlements; and the name Balkan comes from the Bal-k-An san/ Bal-k-san, or the White mountain (¹à¾È»ê, ¹à»ê, ÛÜߣ); the mountain where the ancient Koreans performed thanksgiving rituals to Dangun [=Tangun], the (mythical) founding father of the Korean nation. [4]
blogcommkpapaci.blog.com.mk/node/89412
In Korean:
www.donga.com/fbin/output?n=200705190046
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Recently this posting has been attacked on another forum by someone who says that the above photograph is that of a "9th century Hungarian."
Had that person known any history, he would have known that the Bulgar Khanate during its zenith, extended all the way to the Tisza River, in what is now central Hungary. That means that a large chunk of eastern Hungary was in the past inhabited by the Bulgars.
That is even explicitly mentioned in Hungarian sources, which you can see for yourselves here:
András Róna-Tas
The Migration and Landtaking of the Magyars
"(...).
In 894 they fought in alliance with the Moravian ruler Svatopluk against the Franks and in alliance with the Byzantine Empire against the Danube Bulgars. Both military expeditions were very successful. In fact in 894 the Hungarians joined the Moravian-Byzantine coalition against the Danube Bulgarian-Frank alliance.
The spring of 895 began with the campaign of the Hungarian host under Árpád, who wanted to attack the Danube Bulgars by moving down the Tisza river. A smaller Hungarian host attacked the Bulgars at the Lower Danube. However, the Byzantines did not keep their promise to attack the Bulgars from the south, and the Bulgars defeated the smaller Hungarian host attacking from Etelküzü.
At the same time, a Pecheneg army appeared in the East. They were pushed by an alliance of the Oghuz, Kimeks and Kharluks, who themselves were defeated by the Samanid ruler. The Pechenegs could not enter the Khazar Empire proper and, most probably on the prompting of the Danube Bulgar ruler Boris, attacked the Hungarians left behind in Etelküzü. After the disastrous defeat of the Hungarians in Etelküzü by the Pechenegs and Danube Bulgarians, they could only flee to the army of Árpád who was slowly moving to the south along the Tisza. In 895 the Hungarians occupied only the eastern part of the Carpathian basin and did not cross the Danube. This happened in 899 when, on the invitation of the Frankish ruler Arnulf, they raided Northern Italy. The Hungarian host returned in 900, and on their way back they learned of the death of Arnulf in December 899. The Hungarians occupied Transdanubia and moved westwards. They were stopped only in 902 with a temporary truce between the Franks and the Hungarians.
The pacification of the people living in the Carpathian basin was easy. The Avars, most of whom converted to Christianity in the first half of the 9th century, had lost their power. The Danube Bulgars[, Moravians,] and the Franks crushed the [Avar] Kaghanate and only small, petty rulers functioned. The Turkic speaking Avars had step by step been Slavicized. Some of them were still biling-ual when the Hungarians arrived. There are loan-words in Hungarian which clearly show the bilingualism of the Avars. Such a word is e.g. H terem "great room, palace" (also in the well known Hungarian word étterem "restaurant") ~ Avar term, West Turkic terem.
[...]"
The Hungarian Quarterly, Volume XXXVII No. 144 Winter 1996
www.hungarianquarterly.com/no144/p37.html
Notice that 9th century is the 800's, and the Hungarians arrived in what is now Hungary only at the end of the 9th century.
We must ask ourselves, who was living there before the Hungarians during the 9th century?
The above Hungarian-written article clearly states that Bulgars were among the peoples living in the region at that time.
Notice that the Bulgars here are referred to as the Danube Bulgars, not Thracian Bulgars, or Moesian Bulgars.
One reservation we should have of this article is that it tends to down-play, or even ignore, the Slavic presence and activity in Pannonia.
Here is another excerpt from another Hungarian Web page:
"(...). All we know for sure is that they were forced by the attack of the Pechegens to move west to the land between the Don and the Dnieper. Fleeing from this region after another sweeping offensive in or around 895-896, they entered the Carpathian Basin, familiar to them from their earlier raiding expeditions. At the time of the Magyar Conquest, the area was inhabited mostly by Slavic ethnic groups; and Great Moravia, situated on the northern part of the Carpathian Basin, had been in a state of disintegration since the death of Prince Svatopluk. The military power of the Pannonian Slav principality in the west did not represent notable strength. The rule of the Bulgars, extending over the Great Plain and Transylvania, was not consolidated. Under these circumstances, the Magyars were able to overrun the whole area of the country without difficulty. The military leader of the conquering tribes was Árpád, and after the founding of the state, his descendants became the rulers of the country.
(...)."
impulzus.sch.bme.hu/info/hunhist.html